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中文摘要: 目的 分析上海市闵行区中小学学生因病缺课的原因及学校公共卫生预警事件的特征，为制定下一步学校传染病防控措施提供科学依据。方法 收集上海市闵行区中小学2014年因病缺课网络直报数据资料和学校公共卫生预警事件数据,应用描述性流行病学方法对资料进行统计分析，比较分析不同性别、不同学段学生的缺课情况以及导致学生缺课的症状与疾病分布特征。结果 因病缺课网络直报系统监测到2014年闵行区中小学学生因病缺课71 811人次，总缺课天数为67 364.5人天，因病缺课率为2.8‰，其中小学阶段学生的因病缺课率最高，为3.3‰；其次初中阶段学生为1.9‰，第三高中阶段学生为1.8‰，从小学到高中，学生的缺课率逐步下降（χ2 =4107，P﹤0.01），男生缺课率高于女生(χ2 =354.8，P﹤0.01），冬季为因病缺课的高峰季节，12月份为缺课最多的月份，发热、上呼吸道症状和消化道症状为因症状缺课最多的3种症状，上呼吸道感染、法定传染病和水痘为因疾病缺课最多的3类疾病。学校公共卫生预警事件中最多的症状发热占比85.8%。结论 闵行区因病缺课监测工作有助于早期介入校园突发公共卫生事件，现有的因病缺课监测工作应与国家传染病监测信息报告系统一并开展，互为补充。
Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analysis the characteristics of school absenteeism and public health emergencies among students in Minhang District Shanghai City, which give scientific basis for preventing public health emergencies in school. METHOD The data about school absenteeism of 133990 students in all schools of Minhang District during 2014 were analyzed．RESULT There were 71811 students had been absent from school because of illness and syndrome in 2014，with the rate of 2.8‰. The rate of pupils，middle school and high school students was 3.3‰，1.9‰，and 1.8‰，respectively，with significant difference（χ2＝4107，P＜0.01）.The rate of male students（3.0‰）was significantly higher than female students (2.6‰)（χ2=354.8，P<0.01）．December had high incidence. The main symptoms causing absenteeism were acute upper respiratory tract infection，Notifiable Diseases，and chicken pox．Conclusion The illness-induced absenteeism surveillance system plays an important role in preventing public health emergency in school Minhang district．The absenteeism information should be combined with national notifiable reporting system for batter use．
keywords: Absenteeism Student Disease Injury
文章编号：3201711021 中图分类号：R195.4 文献标志码：
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