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中文摘要: 目的 分析乌鲁木齐2014年城市居民癌症高风险率、筛查率和检出率，为开展癌症早诊早治项目工作提供依据。方法 在乌鲁木齐市选择4个辖区，选定目标街道和社区后，以社区为单位动员所有40～69岁常住户籍居民，按照知情同意自愿的原则接受有关癌症的流行病学问卷调查和高风险评估。检出的高风险对象免费接受肺癌、肝癌、上消化道癌、女性乳腺癌和大肠癌临床筛查，分析评估癌症的高风险率、筛查率和检出率。结果 本研究共完成49 574名有效调查和风险评估，其中肺癌、肝癌、上消化道癌、女性乳腺癌和大肠癌的高风险检出率分别为13.25 %、12.03%、20.38 %、18.36%和14.21%。5类癌症高风险率中上消化道癌最高，各种癌症风险率之间差异均有统计学意义(x2=1785，P﹤0.05)；肺癌的高风险率高于肝癌，但差异无统计学意(x2=1.602，P=0.21)，肺癌男性高风险率是女性的3.69倍，肝癌男性高风险率是女性的1.25倍，肝癌各年龄组间的高风险检出率差异有统计学意义(x2=57.76，P﹤0.05)。单癌种、两癌种、三癌种、四癌种和五癌种同时高风险的比例依次为26.86%、9.68 %、4.50%、2.62%和0.35%。五类癌的筛查率分别为肺癌37.36%、肝癌 41.27%、上消化道癌19.82%、乳腺癌45.53%和大肠癌16.61%。肺癌或疑似肺癌检出率为0.49%，可疑肝癌检出率为0.12%，上消化道癌检出率为0.15% ,乳腺B超＋钼靶BI-RADS4-5级检出率为2.27%，大肠癌检出率为0.17%。结论 需要进一步完善城市癌症早诊早治技术方案和管理模式，提高筛查率和早诊早治效果。
中文关键词: 恶性肿瘤，风险评估，早诊早治 筛查，检出率
Abstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate cancer high-risk rate, screening rate, detection rate, in 2014 Urumqi city urban area and to provide the further evidence for cancer screening, early detection and treatment programs.METHODS Epidemiological investigation and cancer risk evaluation were launched among 40-69 years old residents four districts in Urumqi city people who were at high risk of lung cancer, liver cancer, upper digestive tract cancer, female breast cancer and colorectal cancer screening accordance with the principle of informed consent voluntarily. Cancer high risk rate, screening rate and the clinical detection rates were calculated. RESULTS A total of 49574 residents finished valid questionnaires and risk assessment. Cancer high risk rate of lung cancer, liver cancer, upper digestive tract cancer, female breast cancer and colorectal cancer were 13.25%, 12.03%, 20.38%, 18.36%, 14.21% respectively. Five highest risk rate of upper digestive tract cancer, cancer of various differences between cancer risk have a statistical meaning (x2= 1785, P= 0.00). Lung cancer high-risk rate is higher than that of liver cancer, but there was no statistical difference (x2= 1.602, P = 0.21). Male lung cancer risk rate is 3.69 times of the female, difference was statistically significant (x2= 2680, P= 0.00). Rate of liver cancer high-risk men were 1.25 times more, difference was statistically significant (x2 = 87.37, P = 0.00). Liver cancer high-risk detection rate is different among different age groups, difference was statistically significant (x2= 57.76, P = 0.00). The rates of people who encountered Single, couple, three, four and five types of cancer high risk were 26.86%, 9.68%, 4.50%, 2.62% and 0.35% respectively. Screening rate for the five types of cancer were 37.36% for lung cancer, 41.27% for liver cancer, 19.82%f or upper digestive tract cancer, 45.53% for female breast cancer, 16.61% for colorectal cancer. Lung cancer or suspected lung cancer detection rate was 0.49%, the suspected liver cancer detection rate was 0.12%, the upper digestive tract cancer detection rate was 0.15%, Female breast cancer screening BI- RADS Grade 4-5 detection rate was 2.27%. Colorectal cancer detection rate was 0.17%. CONCLUSION Technical solution and program management should be improved to enhance the effect of cancer screening early detection and early treatment programs.
keywords: Cancer Risk evaluation Early detection and early treatment Clinical screening Detection rate.
文章编号：3201803021 中图分类号：R195.4 文献标志码：
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