Abstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence status of iron deficiency anemia in 2 325 preschool children, and to analyze the influencing factors. METHODS A total of 2 325 children who underwent physical examination in the hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were selected as study subjects. The children with iron deficiency anemia were screened out. The children and their family member were given questionnaire survey. The prevalence status of iron deficiency anemia in preschool children was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed to analyze the factors affecting prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in preschool children. RESULTS Among the 2 325 children who underwent physical examination, there were 198 cases with iron deficiency anemia, including 60 cases of mild anemia, 81 cases of moderate anemia and 57 cases of moderate anemia. The prevalence rate of children with iron deficiency anemia was 8.52%. Univariate analysis results showed the factors affecting iron deficiency anemia of preschool children included age, body mass index at birth, anemia in pregnancy period, preterm, normal gastrointestinal digestive ability, feeding method, eating assisted food time, parental education level, iron supplementation, family eating habits and parental monthly income (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed young age, anemia during pregnancy period, preterm, poor gastrointestinal digestive ability, late eating assisted food time, no iron supplementation and poor family eating habits were risk factors for iron deficiency anemia in children (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The key of prevent iron deficiency anemia in school-age children was to pay attention to the nutritional status of pregnant women and fetuses, adjust diet structure of children, and develop appropriate eating habits.