Abstract:OBJECTIVE To analyze the number and characteristics of parturient women before and after birth policy adjustment, and to understand the effect of policy implementation, so as to provide the basis for strengthening the standardized management of puerperal. METHODS By extracting the medical records data, it acquired maternity information for obstetric hospitalization in a tertiary general hospital in Guizhou from 2014 to 2017, comparative analysis was conducted on the changes of the characteristics of hospitalized women in different years. RESULTS In the past 4 years, the number of hospitalized births had increased by a total of 410, with an increase of 11.61%; the average age of production rose year by year(P＜0.05). The number of elderly mothers and the number of the second children pregnant women are increasing year by year (P＜0.05); the incidence of risk factors changed; the incidence of scar uterus, fetal intrauterine distress, gestational diabetes mellitus, abnormal thyroid function and placental abnormalities in puerpera increased year by year(P＜0.05); the incidence of premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy hypertension, macrosomia, intrahepatic cholestasis and other maternal diseases showed a decreasing trend(P＜0.05), an increased incidence of women with two or more risk factors. CONCLUSION After the adjustment of fertility policy, especially the implementation of the “Comprehensive Two-Child” policy, it could promote the fertility of women of childbearing age in guizhou province, pay attention to women with multiple risk factors, strengthen the management of high-risk puerpera, such as elderly women, women who give birth to a second child, scar uterus, fetal distress, gestational diabetes mellitus, and abnormal thyroid function; increase input in obstetrics to meet maternal health needs and improve the ability of high-risk women to cope with them, so as to ensure the life and health of women and newborns.