Abstract:OBJECTIVE To acquaint with the health behavior of residents and its influencing factors in the pilot area of General practitioner contract service in Guangdong province, providing evidence to health education. METHODS A total of 1 010 residents were selected for a questionnaire survey from July to October 2015. 6 behaviors, including smoking, drinking, breakfast, eating fruits, exercise, and sleep, were selected as the survey contents, and P-CAT scale were selected to measure primary health service quality. RESULTS A total of 12 points were given for 6 behavioral, the average score of respondents was (8.72±0.65). The scores from high to low were for breakfast, alcohol control and non-smoking, physical exercises, fruit, and sleep. The multiple linear regression analysis resulted that the health behaviors of female, married or patients with chronic diseases were better than their corresponding groups. The group with higher income level had higher scores in health behavior. Residents' access to primary health services and comprehensive evaluation of service provision had positive effects on health behaviors. CONCLUSION The overall health behavior of residents in the pilot areas was well. Health education and health promotion should be targeted on healthy behaviors such as reasonable diet, exercise and sleep. Groups such as men, single or divorced, lower-income should be concerned. Improving the accessibility of primary health services and the comprehensiveness of service delivery are conducive to promote residents' health behaviors.