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中文摘要: 目的：分析山西省2015—2019年6～14岁儿童传染病流行特征及重点传染病，为防控学龄儿童传染病工作提供更精准的科学策略。方法：采用描述性流行病学方法对山西省2015—2019年6～14岁儿童传染病发病资料进行统计分析。结果：山西省2015—2019年共报告6～14岁儿童传染病38种，共71 751例，年均发病率为404.37例/10万，报告死亡病例9例，近5年发病率总体呈上升趋势（P＜0.001）。男童年均发病率为女童的1.24倍（P＜0.001）。6～14岁儿童年均发病率最高的为6岁组，且年均发病率随年龄增长呈下降趋势（P＜0.001）。5—7月、11月—次年1月为发病高峰期，呈季节性双峰分布。病种分布上，呼吸道传染病（77.19%）居首位，肠道传染病（20.30%）居第2位。水痘、流行性腮腺炎、手足口病、流行性感冒、猩红热及其他感染性腹泻为山西省6～14岁儿童重点传染病，占报告传染病总数的94.64%。山西省11个市报告年均发病率居前3的城市依次为太原市、阳泉市和晋中市，太原市10个县（区）年均发病率居前3位的依次为小店区、晋源区和古交市。结论 ：山西省6～14岁儿童传染病防控工作仍需得到相关部门的高度重视，防控重点应以呼吸道传染病为主，6岁组为重点关注群体，应加强传染病高发地区的防控工作和健康教育。
中文关键词: 儿童 传染病 流行特征
Abstract:OBJECTIVE The epidemic characteristics and key infectious diseases of children aged 6~14 in Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed to provide more precise and scientific strategies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases among school-age children. METHODS Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the incidence data of infectious diseases in children aged 6~14 years from 2015 to 2019 in Shanxi Province. RESULTS From 2015 to 2019，a total of 71 751 cases of 38 infectious diseases among children aged 6~14 years were reported in Shanxi Province，with an average annual incidence of 404.37/lakh and 9 deaths reported. The incidence rate has been increasing in the past 5 year（P＜0.001）. The annual incidence rate of boys is 1.24 times that of girls（P＜0.001）.The 6-year-old group has the highest average annual incidence of children aged 6~14，and the average annual incidence is decreasing with age（P＜0.001）. The peak incidence period is from May to July，and from November to January of the following year，showing an obvious seasonal bimodal distribution.In terms of disease distribution，respiratory infectious diseases （77.19%） ranked first，and intestinal infectious diseases （20.30%） ranked second.Chickenpox，mumps，hand，foot and mouth disease，influenza，scarlet fever，and other infectious diarrhea are the key infectious diseases of children aged 6~14 in Shanxi Province，accounting for 94.64% of the total reported infectious diseases.The top 3 cities in the 11 cities of Shanxi Province with the annual average incidence rate reported are Taiyuan，Yangquan，and Jinzhong.The top 3 average annual incidence rates of 10 （counties，districts） in Taiyuan City are Xiaodian District，Jinyuan District，and Gujiao City. CONCLUSION The prevention and control of infectious diseases in children aged 6~14 in Shanxi Province still requires great attention. The focus of prevention and control should be on respiratory infectious diseases. The 6-year-old group should be the focus group. The prevention and control work and health education in areas with high incidence of infectious diseases should be strengthened.
文章编号：3202011034 中图分类号：R197 文献标志码：
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