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中文摘要: 目的：调查佳木斯市某校小学生和中学生的近视现状，对近视学生通过指导合理膳食，加强体育运动，佩戴蓝光防护眼镜的措施进行综合干预，探讨综合干预方案对学生视力的影响情况，为今后近视防控工作的实施提供一定的科学依据。方法：采取普查的方法，对小学生212人，初中生146人，进行眼科检查，并进行干预。干预时间为9个月（2019年1月1日—2019年10月10日），分析并比较干预前和干预后学生视力的变化。统计分析使用R 4.0.2软件，非正态资料采用秩和检验Wilcoxon signed rank test，计数资料采用卡方检验，P＜0.05为有统计学意义。结果 共有 358名学生参与本次调查，其中小学生212人，初中生146人，干预前视力正常127人，异常231人，干预后视力正常176，异常182人，有统计学差异，视力好转49人，转好率21.21%。干预前与干预后对比，联合光度变化和屈光度变化差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001），好转人数男生和女生相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），干预措施对屈光不正有效，无性别差异。干预前和干预后裸眼视力变化具有统计学差异（P＜0.001）。综合干预后学生裸眼视力有所提高。 结论 通过改变饮食习惯、合理膳食，加强体育运动，蓝光眼镜防护的综合干预措施对小学生和中学生近视的防控有一定的效果。
中文关键词: 青少年 近视防控 综合干预
Abstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of myopia among primary and middle school students in a school in Jiamusi City，and to provide scientific basis for the implementation of myopia prevention and control work in the future，comprehensive intervention was carried out for myopia students through guiding reasonable diet，strengthening sports and wearing blue light protective glasses. METHODS The survey contains totally 212 primary school students and 146 junior high school students. Comprehensive intervention measures were taken for myopia students. The intervention time was from January 1 2019 to October 10 2019 which is 9 months in total. The changes of students' visual acuity before and after the intervention were analyzed and compared. Statistic method is using R 4.0.2 software. And for non-normal data，median (quartile) was used as well as Wilcoxon signed rank test for statistical analysis and Chi square test for counting data. P＜0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 358 students participated in the survey，212 were primary school students，146 were junior high school students，127 were normal and 231 were abnormal before intervention，176 were normal and 182 were abnormal after the intervention，the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.001)，the visual acuity improved in 49 cases，and the improvement rate was 21.21%. Compared with the datas before intervention，there was a significant difference in the joint luminosity of both left and right eyes (P＜0.001)，and in the diopter(P＜0.001)，but there was no significant difference in the number of improved male and female students (P＞0.05).Compared with the datas before intervention，there was significant difference in the number of visual acuity changes (P＜0.001). and the uncorrected visual acuity of the students was improved，and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.001). CONCLUSION The comprehensive intervention measures such as changing diet habits，reasonable diet，strengthening sports and blue light glasses protection have certain effect on prevention and control of myopia in primary and middle school students.
文章编号：3202011095 中图分类号：R175 文献标志码：
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