Abstract:OBJECTIVE To understand the vision of preschool children in Qinhuai District of Nanjing, and to provide strategic support for visual correction and prevention of preschool children. METHODS 23 945 children aged 3-6 in 30 kindergartens in Qin⁃ huai District of Nanjing in 2018 and 2019 were randomly selected as the research subjects, and vision screening was performed, in⁃ cluding visual inspection, refractive examination, and necessary dilated pupil examination. Children’s parents with abnormal vision and parents of children with normal vision of the same proportion were distributed“Children’s Vision Influencing Factors Question⁃ naire” to analyze possible factors related to abnormal vision. RESULTS Between 2018 and 2019 in the 3-year-old group, 4-year-old group, 5-year-old group, and 6-year-old group, the horizontal comparison showed that children with poor visual acuity was an upward trend in turn, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=156.980, P＜0.05); Preschool children’s abnormal vi⁃ sion rate was related to factors such as daily outdoor sports time, family day lighting, parental vision, partial eclipse and picky eat⁃ ers, parents’knowledge of eye protection, bad eye habits, playing electronic products, watching TV and other factors. The values of χ2 are 91.326, 386.276, 173.544, 219.865, 116.188, 65.034, 437.023, 650.305, P＜0.05. CONCLUSION The poor vision rate of preschool children in Qinhuai District of Nanjing was high, and children’s vision was affected by many factors. The vision status of preschool children should be checked regularly and diagnosed in time, so as to promote the healthy growth of children and prevent and control vision problems.