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中文摘要: 目的 了解某市基层医疗机构育龄期妇女口腔抗生素使用现状，探索口腔抗生素使用对医疗行为安全性及胎儿健康是否会产生影响以及影响程度如何？为提高基层医疗机构安全医疗行为提供数据参考；方法 采用分层随机系统整群抽样方法，抽取某市妇幼保健院、社区卫生服务中心19-49岁育龄妇女口腔门诊处方进行现场调查；利用Excel建立数据库，采用SPSS17.0统计软件进行数据处理与分析；结果 ①本次共调查2 244张处方，每张处方平均抗生素0.35种，抗生素使用率平均为29.5%，2种及以上抗生素联用率平均为4.2%；②利用构建的抗生素使用综合评价模型对基层医疗机构抗生素使用情况进行综合评价，样本基层医疗机构综合评分最高的为99.8分，最低的为25.8分；③抗生素使用组输液率、次均处方药品费用、次均处方药物品种数分别是未使用组的2.53倍、1.54倍和1.27倍，并且差异具有显著性（P?0.01）；结论 ①某市样本基层机构育龄期妇女口腔抗生素使用控制工作发展不均衡，体现在总体差异、机构差异及指标控制差异三个方面；②控制输液率、次均处方药品费用、次均药物品种数可能是控制口腔抗生素使用的关键要素；③口腔抗生素的使用会导致意外妊娠、母婴健康两种安全性同时降低，具有复合型危机特征。
Abstract:Objective To investigate the use of oral antibiotics in urban primary health care institutions for women of childbearing age and to explore whether the use of oral antibiotics can affect the safety and impact of medical behavior and fetal health. To provide medical data reference for improving the primary health care institutions；Methods: The stratified random cluster sampling method was used to On-the-spot investigation of oral prescriptions for women of childbearing age from 19 to 19 years old in a maternity and child care center and community health service centers, and the data were analyzed by Excel. Then the data were dealt and analyzed with SPSS 17 (SPSS 17).Results: ①2244 prescriptions were collected, each prescription averaged 0.35 antibiotics, the average antibiotic use rate was 29.5%, and the combined use of two or more antibiotics averaged 4.2%.② The comprehensive evaluation model was used to evaluate the use of antibiotics in primary health care institutions, the highest score was 99.8 points and the lowest was 25.8 points. ③There were significant differences (P <0.01) among the unused groups, the infusion rate of the antibiotics group, the times of the prescription drugs, and the times of the prescription drugs were 2.53 times, 1.54 times and 1.27 times respectively. Conclusion: (1) The development of oral antibiotic control in women of childbearing age in a city of grassroots organizations is unbalanced, which is reflected in three aspects: the overall difference, the institutional difference and the index control difference;(2) Controlling the infusion rate, the number of times of prescription drug cost, and the number of times of drug varieties may be the key factors to control the use of oral antibiotics; (3) The use of oral antibiotics can lead to accidental pregnancy, maternal and child health, while reducing the two kinds of security, with complex characteristics of the crisis
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