Abstract:OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of behaviors tend to cause serious injury among middle school students in Henan province, in order to provide scientific basis for developing interventions of its prevention and control. METHODS 30 268 students were selected from 14 provincial cities and counties by stratified random cluster sampling, and then they were investigated with “China Youth Health Risk Behaviors Questionnaire”. RESULTS In the past 12 months, the top five incidence of behaviors tend to cause serious injury were: Chasing slapstick on stairs or pushing each other of 13891(45.9%), skating or playing scooter without protective equipments of 5870(19.4%), climbing the roof, trees or other dangerous places of 5680(18.8%), dangerous acts of sheer bravado of 3946(13.0%), playing firecrackers in dangerous ways or throw firecrackers at each other of 3513(11.6%). Almost all kinds of behaviors’ rate are always higher in rural areas than in cities, boys are higher than girls, and private secondary schools and vocational middle schools are higher than the else (P<0.01).The rate of serious injury of those who had behaviors tend to cause serious injury was higher than that of those who had no behaviors tend to cause serious injury (χ2= 551.280, P<0.01). CONCLUSION The prevalence of behaviors tend to cause serious injury among middle school students in Henan province were higher. Effective comprehensive intervention measures should be taken so as to prevent and control its’occur in middle school students.