Abstract:Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of syphilis in children and adolescents in Wucheng District of Jinhua city for years 2008to2017, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in children and adolescents in the new era. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of syphilis in children and adolescents aged 0～24 years from 2008 to 2017, with data collected from the information management system of national infectious diseases report. Results During the years 2008to2017, the average annual incidence of syphilis among children and adolescents in Wucheng district was 32.37/100,000, and there was no death case; the average annual incidence of the male was 16.69/100,000 and the average annual incidence of women was 49.95/100,000. The difference was statistically significant (χ2=180.532,P＜0.01). All age groups had case distribution. The average annual incidence rate sequence from high to low were 20～24, 15～19, 0～4, 10～14, and 5～9 year old groups (The P values of theχ2 tests between every two groups were all ＜0.005, except for that of 10～14 and 5～9 year old groups, which was not statistically significant. ) In each year during the ten years, the incidence of women was higher than that of men (χ2test, P ＜0.05), and the 20～24 year old group topped the number of disease. In five consecutive years 2013to2017, the incidence of syphilis ranked among the top three cases of children and adolescents’ class A and B notifiable infectious diseases, and there were reported cases of tread syphilis every year. Conclusion Vertical transmission is the main route of syphilis infection in children and adolescents under 10 years of age in Wucheng district. Sexual transmission is the main route for the syphilis infection of 15～24-year-olds. Effective cure and prevention of syphilis in females,children and adolescents can greatly reduce the incidence of syphilis and the cases of fetal syphilis(vertical transmission).