Abstract:Objective To study and analyze the present situation of lower respiratory tract infection and its influence factors of patients with tracheotomy, in order to provide evidence for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infection. Methods 510 patients with tracheotomy in target hospital from January 2017 to March 2018 were selected for the study, and the lower respiratory tract infection rate of all the patients was analyzed, and the lower respiratory tract infection rates of patients with different gender, ages, APACHEⅡ score, time of tracheotomy, time of mechanical ventilation, hospitalization time, time of antibiotic application, type of antibiotic application, whether or not other infection and disease types were compared，and the relationship between those factors and lower respiratory tract infection of patients with tracheotomy were analyzed by multiple factor Logistic regression analysis. Results 206 cases of 510 patients with tracheotomy were with lower respiratory tract infection, the infection rate was 40.39%, and the infection rates of patients with different gender were compared, the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05). The infection rates of patients with different ages, APACHEⅡ score, time of tracheotomy, time of mechanical ventilation, hospitalization time, time of antibiotic application, type of antibiotic application, whether or not other infection and disease types were compared, the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05). The multiple factor Logistic regression analysis showed the influence factors of lower respiratory tract infection of patients with tracheotomy. Conclusion The lower respiratory tract infection rate of patients with tracheotomy was higher, and the influence factors were more，the targeted preventive measure should be made according to the influence factors.