Abstract:Obj ective Birth defect monitoring was a dynamic way to observe the growth of birth defects, to discover the suspicious factors that affect birth defects in time, to provide clues for etiology research, and to provide basis for decision-making on maternity and child hygiene. Motheds It collected the data of Quarterly Reports of Perinatal and Registration Card for Birth Defects in Medical Institutions in Lanzhou between 2011 and 2017, and collate the occurrence, diagnosis and prognosis of birth defects. Results In Lanzhou Chengguan District Hospital between 2011 and 2017, there were 100 848 cases of perinatal infants monitored. The incidence of birth defects increased from 163.09 per 10 000 to 264.51 per 10 000, the overall rate of birth defects increased by 62.19% . The top 5 birth defects were congenital heart disease (76.35 per 10 000), cleft lip with cleft palate (7.17 per 10 000), polydactyly (6.68 per 10 000), cleft lip(4.38 per 10 000), congenital hydrocephalus (2.85 per 10 000), and the top 5 defects accounted for 55.56% of the total birth defects. Conclusion The incidence of birth defects was increasing in Chengguan District Hospital of Lanzhou City. Congenital heart disease and cleft lip and palate were the most important birth defects. The key to reducing birth defects lay in the continued promotion of the rural folic acid supplementation project, the raising of health awareness among elderly women, the avoidance of exposure to risk factors and the promotion of the coverage of prenatal screening and diagnosis.