Abstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate the knowledge, behavior and health literacy of infectious disease prevention and control among parents of nursery children in Luohu District, Shenzhen, and to provide scientific basis for carrying out health education on infectious diseases in the future. METHODS 558 parents of 6 kindergartens with different fee standards were investigated with multi-stage cluster random sampling. RESULTS The awareness rate of infectious disease knowledge was 52.3%. The awareness rate of parents in high-fee kindergartens was higher than those in low-fee kindergartens (OR=1.682, 95% CI: 1.082-2.617); Parents with high-school or above education degrees had higher awareness regarding to lower education degree parents. In terms of behavior of prevention and control of communicable diseases, the lower scores were falling into: vaccination against influenza in the past 3 years (15.4%), wearing masks in public places during cough (30.5%), vaccinating children with influenza vaccine every year (31.2%) and exercising more than 3 times a week (31.2%). The average score of health literacy of infectious diseases was 47.52±6.73. The parents of high-fee kindergartens had higher health literacy of infectious diseases than those of low-fee kindergartens (OR=1.867, 95% CI: 1.082-2.617), parents with college and above education degrees had a higher health literacy of infectious diseases, compared with parents with junior-high and below education degrees. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the parents of nursery children in Luohu District have a higher awareness rate of infectious disease knowledge. Parents' knowledge awareness rate and health literacy of infectious diseases in low-cost kindergartens are relatively low. Therefore, more health education is necessary to be carried out for parents in low-cost kindergartens in the future.