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中文摘要: 摘要 目的 探讨高邮市某中学学生不明原因鼻出血其发病原因及其特征，为今后学校卫生和疾病防治工作提供参考依据。方法 收集学校基本信息，统计最近4周鼻出血人数，发病率按人群、时间和地点等分类统计，同时调查校园内外相关环境因素进行综合分析。结果 某中学共有七至九年级3个年级18个班级，学生664人，年龄在13～15岁。鼻出血涉及到14个班级49人，发病率为7.38%，其中男生占8.99%、女生占5.52 %。各年级为独立楼幢，每幢三层，从南至北排列，依次为七年级（南）、九年级（中）和八年级（北），平均发病率八年级最低（3.26%），与七年级（9.05%）和九年级（9.60%）的之间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)，最高楼层是最低楼层平均发病率的2.87倍。鼻出血特征表现为以偶尔出血（1～2次）为主，占81.63%；单侧出血居多，占85.71%。结论 中学生因个体差异，发生偶尔鼻出血属于普遍现象，但其相关环境因素亟待关注。
Abstract:Abstract Objective To explore the causes and characteristics of unexplained epistaxis among a middle school student in Gaoyou City, and to provide reference for school health and disease prevention and control in the future..Methods Basic information of the school was collected, the number of epistaxis in the last 4 weeks were atatisticsed. The incidence rate was classified according to population, time and place. At the same time, the relevant environmental factors inside and outside the campus were investigated for comprehensive analysis.Results There were 3 grades and 18 classes in Grade 7 to 9, 664 students, 13-15 years old. Epistaxis involved 49 students in 14 classes,the incidence rate was 7.38%. 8.99% of boys and 5.52% of girls. Independent buildings of different grades, each building has three floors, from south to north, they were Grade 7(South), Grade 9 (middle) and Grade 8 (North). The average incidence rate in Grade 8 (3.26%) was the lowest. The average incidence rate in Grade 8 was lower than that in the Grade 7 (9.05%) and Grade
9 (9.60%)（P<0.05）. The average incidence rate in the highest floor was 2.87 times that in the lowest
floor. The main feature of epistaxis was occasional bleeding (1～2 times), accounting for 81.63%. The most common bleeding was unilateral (85.71%).Conclusion It is a common phenomenon for middle school students to have occasional epistaxis due to individual differences, but its related environmental factors need to be paid attention to..
文章编号：3202012017 中图分类号：R179 R765.23 文献标志码：
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