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中文摘要: 摘 要：目的：分析2024年佳木斯市呼吸道感染病原学特征及流行情况，探究呼吸道多病原的流行特征，为佳木斯市
呼吸道传染病防控提供科学依据。方法：收集2024年佳木斯市呼吸道感染病例样本，应用多重实时定量聚合酶链式反应法
检测呼吸道15种病原体，并对结果进行分析。结果：2024年呼吸道多病原核酸检测阳性样本318份，阳性率为31.49%，检
测出14种病原体，单病原感染253份；阳性率较高的月份为2月、3月和12月，不同月份阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2
＝ 81.187，P＜0.05）；男性和女性阳性率差异无统计学意义（χ2
＝1.731，P＞0.05）。≤5岁年龄组和 6~14岁年龄组阳性率较
高，分别为43.90%和43.93%，不同年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ2
＝12.648，P＜0.05）；流感样病例和严重急性呼吸道
感染病例病原体检出率差异无统计学意义（χ2
＝5.346，P＞0.05）。结论：佳木斯市呼吸道感染的病原体呈多样性，全年均有
发病，感染率与性别无关，好发于婴幼儿期，学龄前期和学龄期，冬春季为高发季节，提示呼吸道多病原防控重点关注14
岁以下人群，针对重点人群开展呼吸道多病原防控的科普与宣教。
Abstract:Abstract：OBJECTIVEToanalyzedtheetiologicalcharacteristicsandprevalenceofrespiratorytractinfectioninJiamusiin
2024，exploredtheepidemiccharacteristicsofmulti-pathogenrespiratorytractinfection，andprovidedscientificbasisforthepreV
ventionandcontrolofrespiratorytractinfectioninJiamusi.METHODSRespiratoryinfectioncasesinJiamusiin2024werecollectV
ed，and15kindsofrespiratorypathogensweredetectedbymultiplereal-timequantitativepolymerasechainreaction，andthereV
sultswereanalyzed.RESULTSIn2024,318samplesofrespiratorymulti-pathogennucleicacidtestwerepositive，withapositive
rateof31.49%.14pathogensweredetected，including253casesofsinglepathogeninfectionand65casesofmixedinfection.In
singlepathogeninfection，thedetectionrateofviruseswashigherinrhinovirus，influenzavirusandnovelcoronavirus，whilethe
detectionrateofnon-viruseswashigherinHaemophilusinfluenzae，MycoplasmapneumoniaeandStreptococcuspneumoniae；the
positiveratewashigherinFebruary，MarchandDecember，andthedifferencebetweenthepositiveratesofeachmonthwasstatistiV
callysignificant（χ2
＝81.187， P＜0.05）； therewasnosignificantdifferenceinpositiveratebetweenmenandwomen（χ2
＝ 1.731，P＞0.05）.Thepositiverateoftheagegroupunder5yearsoldand6~14yearsoldwashigh，whichwere43.90% and
43.93% respectively，andthedifferenceofthepositiveratebetweeneachagegroupwasstatisticallysignificant（χ2
＝12.648，P＜
0.05）；therewasnosignificantdifferenceinthedetectionrateofpathogeninILIandSARIcases（χ2
＝5.346，P＞0.05）.CON2
CLUSIONRespiratoryinfectionsinJiamusiexhibitpathogendiversitywithyear-roundoccurrence.TheinfectionrateshowsnogenV
dercorrelation，predominantlyaffectinginfants，preschoolers，andschool-agechildren.Withwinter-springbeingthepeakseaV
son，thishighlightstheneedtoprioritizemulti-pathogenpreventionstrategiesforpopulationsunder14yearsold.Targetedpublic
educationcampaignsshouldbeimplementedtoraiseawarenessaboutthesepreventionmeasures.
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