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中文摘要: 目的 分析兰州市2014年不同季节大气主要污染物与儿童呼吸系统疾病住院率的相关性，为环境保护和健康教育提供依据。方法 在“中国空气质量在线监测平台”收集2014年1—12月兰州市每月大气主要污染物(PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2和O3)平均污染水平，并从“甘肃省卫生系统疾控机构进医院信息平台”获得同时段的1～5岁儿童呼吸系统疾病住院率数据。不同季节大气主要污染物的比较采用方差分析，并应用LSD进行两两比较。不同季节污染物水平与国家标准(GB3095-2012)比较采用t检验。用Pearson积矩相关分析大气污染物与住院率的相关性。结果 2014年兰州市大气主要污染物(PM2.5、PM10和SO2)呈冬春季较高、夏秋季较低的季节特征，儿童呼吸系统疾病住院率季节特点与此类似。2015年兰州市大气污染主要以PM2.5和PM10为主，一年四季大多未达到国家二级标准。不同季节，与儿童呼吸系统疾病住院率相关的主要大气污染物不同。结论 2014年兰州市大气主要污染物与1～5岁儿童呼吸系统疾病住院率呈相似的季节分布特点，不同季节相关的主要大气污染物不同。
Abstract:OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation of air pollutant and the hospitalization rate of respiratory diseases among children aged 1-5 years according to the different seasons in Lanzhou city in 2015, and to provide the basis for environmental protection and health education. METHODS The data of monthly atmospheric pollutant (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3) in Lanzhou city was collected from China's air quality on-line monitoring platform from January to December in 2015, and the hospitalization rate of respiratory system disease among the children aged 1-5years was obtained from the information platform of health system from CDC into hospital in Gansu province. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare the differences of air pollutants in the different seasons, and furthermore LSD was to test the differences between two groups. One simple t test was used to compare the differences between air pollutants in the different seasons and the criteria of China (GB3095-2012). The Pearson correlation was used to test the correlation of air pollutants with hospitalization rate. RESULTS In 2015, the serious air pollute showed that the concentration of pollutants reached their climax in winter or spring, and the opposite period in summer is the lowest, and the characteristics of hospitalization rates of respiratory system disease in 1-5 years old children in the different seasons was similar as the air pollutants. PM2.5 and PM10 were the most important air pollutants which mostly were not up to the national secondary standard. In the different seasons, the serious air pollutants related with hospitalization rates of respiratory system disease were different. CONCLUSION The season characteristics of serious air pollutants is similar as the hospitalization rates of respiratory system disease in 1-5 years old children, and the serious air pollutants are different in different seasons in Lanzhou city in 2015.
keywords: air pollutant 1～5 years old children respiratory disease hospitalization rate different season
文章编号：3201801022 中图分类号：R195.4 文献标志码：
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