Abstract:OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) combined with pulmonary surfactant (PS) in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). METHODS A total of 100 children with NRDS admitted to our hospital from April 2016 to December 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with PS, and the observation group was given PS combined with CPAP. The hospitalization days, blood gas analysis indexes and complications were compared between the two groups. RESULTS The pre-treatment pH, carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2), arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2), the difference was not statistically significant. Significance (P>0.05); pH value and PaCO2 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 were higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05); There was no significant difference in the incidence of retinopathy, pneumothorax and necrotizing enterocolitis between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and hospitalization time in the observation group were better than the control group. Academic significance (P<0.05). Conclusion CPAP combined with PS in the treatment of NRDS can effectively improve the blood gas index and reduce the occurrence of bronchial dysplasia. It has clinical application value.