Abstract:OBJECTIVE To understand the physical health status and the detection of common diseases among primary school students in a rural school in Lianyungang City in 2019, and objectively evaluate the growth and health of the village students, and carry out school health education and health promotion for the future. And provide a practical reference for the government's Health Poverty Alleviation and Accurate Poverty Alleviation work. METHODS According to the requirements of students' physical examination standards and their operational procedures, the physical examination of 356 primary school students was statistically summarized. The count data were analyzed by x2 test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The total prevalence rate of primary school pupils was 90.4%. The higher prevalence rates were lower vision (49.7%) and dental caries(46.6%), 35.4% of those with moderate height development, 27.9% of obesity and overweight, and 18.5% malnutrition rate. After x2 test, the height and weight development of boys and girls as well as between different age groups were statistically significant. CONCLUSION The health status of the rural primary school should be paid attention to. The joint action of schools, families and society should be strengthened, and health intervention programs should be formulated to effectively reduce the incidence of common diseases among primary school students and improve the health of rural primary school students. The government should increase funding for rural schools, pay attention to the improvement of hardware facilities in rural areas and the investment in student nutrition improvement programs, and give full play to the strength of the government, schools and society to jointly ensure the healthy growth of rural minors.