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中文摘要: 摘 要:目的:了解黑龙江省慢性阻塞性肺疾病(以下简称慢阻肺)高危人群现状及其流行病学特征,探讨慢阻肺的影
响因素,为相关部门制定政策提供依据。方法:采取分层整群随机抽样法,于2022年5月—2023年12月在黑龙江省6个项目
监测点(哈尔滨市、鸡西市、黑河市、双鸭山市、牡丹江市、齐齐哈尔市)抽取常住居民41474人,采用电子问卷筛查方式
收集相关信息。根据慢阻肺自我筛查问卷(chronicobstructivepulmonarydiseasescreeningquestionnaire,COPD-SQ)总分确定
慢阻肺高危人群,总分≥16分为慢阻肺高危人群。采用logistic回归模型分析相关因素对慢阻肺高危人群发病的影响。结
果:41474名调查对象中检出慢阻肺高危人群6961人,检出率为16.78%;男性检出率高于女性,50岁以后检出率明显上
升。高危人群分布存在地区差异,双鸭山市检出率最高(21.57%),牡丹江市最低(6.79%)。吸烟、接触生物燃料、低体重
是慢阻肺发病的危险因素,其中吸烟影响最大。结论:识别黑龙江省慢阻肺高危人群和地区,强调生物燃料暴露、吸烟控制
及低体重人群营养改善的重要性,有助于精准干预和政策制定。
中文关键词: 关键词:慢性阻塞性肺疾病 高危人群 现状调查 危险因素 黑龙江
Abstract:Abstract: OBJECTIVEToinvestigatetheepidemiologicalcharacteristicsandriskfactorsofchronicobstructivepulmonary
disease(COPD)inhigh-riskpopulationsinHeilongjiangProvince,providingevidenceforpolicyformulation.METHODSUsing
stratifiedclusterrandom sampling,41474permanentresidentswererecruitedfrom 6monitoringsites(Harbin,Jixi,Heihe,
Shuangyashan,Mudanjiang,Qiqihar)inHeilongjiangProvincebetweenMay2022andDecember2023.Datawerecollectedthrough
electronicquestionnaires.High-riskindividualsweredefinedasthosescoring≥16ontheCOPD-SQ (ChronicObstructive
PulmonaryDiseaseScreeningQuestionnaire).Logisticregressionanalysiswasconductedtoexamineriskfactors.RESULTSAmong
theparticipants,6961individuals(16.78%)wereidentifiedashigh-risk,withhigherprevalenceinmalesandsignificantincreases
afterage50.Regionaldisparitieswereobserved,withShuangyashanshowingthehighestprevalence(21.57%)andMudanjiangthe
lowest(6.79%).Keyriskfactorsincludedsmoking,exposuretobiofuels,andlow bodyweight,withsmokingbeingthemost
significant.CONCLUSIONIdentifyinghigh-riskpopulationsandregionsinHeilongjiangProvince,alongwithemphasizingbiofuel
exposurecontrol,smokingcessation,andnutritionalimprovementforunderweightindividuals,willfacilitatetargetedinterventions
andpolicydevelopment.
keywords: Keywords:chronicobstructivepulmonarydisease high-riskpopulation currentsituationsurvey riskfactors Heilongjia
angprovince
文章编号:3202410004 中图分类号:R563;R181.3 文献标志码:
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