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中国初级卫生保健:2025,39(12):32-36
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2008—2024年上海市普陀区急性乙型病毒性肝炎 流行特征及变化趋势分析
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中文摘要: 摘 要:目的:分析2008—2024年上海市普陀区急性乙型病毒性肝炎(以下简称乙肝)的流行病学特征及变化趋势, 为乙肝防控工作提供参考依据。方法:收集2008—2024年上海市普陀区的急性乙肝资料,采用描述性流行病学方法和Join> point回归模型对数据进行统计分析,计算平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)。结果:2008—2024年共报告急性乙肝1132例,年 均报告发病率为5.40/10万,报告发病率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-28.05%,P<0.01)。报告病例男女性别比为1.47∶1。2008— 2024年男性报告发病率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-26.68,P<0.01),女性报告发病率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-27.22%, P< 0.01)。报告病例以[50,70)岁年龄组为主(41.96%);年均报告发病率最高的是[50,60)岁年龄组(9.72/10万);职业以离 退休人员为主(42.93%,486/1132)。发病无明显季节性。年均发病率较高的街镇为曹杨新村街道、长征镇、真如镇街道。 结论:2008—2024年上海市普陀区急性乙肝报告发病率呈下降趋势,男性报告发病率高于女性,以中老年群体为主。建议继 续依托上海市慢性肝炎示范区平台对高风险人群进行筛查,推广成人乙肝疫苗接种,巩固防控效果。
Abstract:Abstract:OBJECTIVEToanalyzetheepidemiologicalcharacteristicsandtrendsofacutehepatitisBvirusinfectioninPutuo DistrictofShanghaifrom2008to2024,andtoprovideevidenceforhepatitisBpreventionandcontrolstrategies.METHODSThe dataonacutehepatitisBinPutuoDistrictofShanghaifrom2008to2024werecollected.Descriptiveepidemiologicalmethodsand Joinpointregressionmodelwereusedforstatisticalanalysis,andtheaverageannualpercentchange(AAPC)wascalculated. RESULTSFrom2008to2024,atotalof1132acutehepatitisBcaseswerereported, withanaverageannualincidencerateof 5.40/105 .Thereportedincidencerateexhibitedastatisticallysignificantdecreasingtrend(AAPC=-28.05%,P<0.01).The male-to-femaleratioofreportedcaseswas1.47∶1(674∶458).Duringthisperiod,bothmale(AAPC=-26.68,P<0.01)andfemale (AAPC=-27.22%,P<0.01)incidenceratesexhibiteddecliningtrends.Themajorityofcases(41.96%)occurredinthe[50,70) agegroup,andthehighestaverageannualincidencerateobservedinthe[50,60)subgroup(9.72/105 ).Retireesconstitutedthe predominantoccupationalcategory(42.93%,486/1132).Nodistinctseasonalpatternwasidentifiedindiseaseoccurrence.Froma geographicaldistributionperspective,thesubdistrictswithhigheraverageannualincidenceratesincludeCaoyangSubdistrict, ChangzhengSubdistrict,andZhenruSubdistrict.CONCLUSIONFrom2008to2024,thereportedincidencerateofacutehepatitisB inPutuoDistrictofShanghai,demonstratedacontinuousdecliningtrend,withmalesexhibitinghigherincidenceratescomparedto females.Theaffectedpopulationwaspredominantlycomposedofmiddle-agedandelderlyindividuals.Itisrecommendedtofurther utilizetheShanghaiChronicHepatitisDemonstrationZoneplatform toenhancescreeningofhigh-riskpopulations,promoteadult hepatitisBvaccination,andconsolidatepreventionandcontrolachievements
文章编号:3202410008     中图分类号:R512.62;R181.3    文献标志码:
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