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中文摘要: 摘 要：目的：分析2017—2024年北京市昌平区流行性腮腺炎(以下简称流腮)流行病学特征，为科学防控流腮提供 依据。方法：收集2017—2024年昌平区流腮报告病例基本信息、临床症状及接种信息，利用 Stata 16.0软件，采用描述性流 行病学方法、季节指数法、x² 检验及 logistic回归分析进行统计分析。结果：2017—2024年昌平区报告流腮1218例，年平 均报告发病率6.99/10万。4—9月季节指数>100.00%,且在9月份(143.84%)和5月份(141.87%)达到两个高点。22个 镇街中回龙观镇报告病例数及报告发病率(242例，14.47/10万)均居全区首位。延寿镇报告病例最少(10例),龙泽园街 道办事处报告发病率最低(1.51/10万)。病例男女性别比为1.31:1,男女发病率分别为7.73/10万和6.51/10万，差异有统 计学意义 (x²=4.00,P<0.05) 。 发病年龄集中在3~6岁，共458例，占37.60%,该年龄段发病率为100.62/10万。幼托儿童、 学生和散居儿童共936例，占81.04%。临床症状以腮腺肿大(98.36%)和疼痛(79.47%)为主，其次为发热(29.31%)、头 痛(10.10%)。病例中有接种史者933例(76.60%),疫苗接种剂次越高，发生腮腺肿大的部位越少，出现发热和头痛的可能 性越低。结论：北京市昌平区流腮发病率较低，报告时间呈双峰分布，学校、托幼机构、流动人口聚集镇街仍是流腮防控重点。 接种腮腺炎疫苗可降低腮腺肿大、发热和头痛发生的可能性。
中文关键词: 关键词：流行性腮腺炎 季节性 疫苗接种
Abstract:Abstract: OBJECTIVE To comprehensively understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Changping District of Beijing from 2017 to 2024,and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mumps.METHODS The basic information, clinical symptoms,and vaccination records of reported mumps cases in Changping District from 2017 to 2024 were collected.Using Stata 16 software,descriptive epidemiological approaches,the seasonal index method,x²test,and logistic regression analysis were employed for statistical analysis.RESULTS From 2017 to 2024,a total of 1,218 mumps cases were reported in Changping District,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 6.99 per 100,000.The seasonal index from April to September exceeded 100.00%,reaching two peaks in September(143.84%)and May(141.87%).Among the 22 towns and sub-districts,Huilongguan Town had the highest number of reported cases and the highest reported incidence rate(242 cases,14.47 per 100,000)in the district.Yanshou Town reported the fewest cases (10 cases),and Longzeyuan Sub-district Ofice had the lowest incidence rate(1.51 per 100,00).The male-to-female ratio of the cases was 1.31:1,and the incidence rates of males and females were 7.73 per 100,000 and 6.51 per 100,000,with a statisticall significant difference(x²=4.00,P<0.05).The age of onset was concentrated between 3 and 6 years old,with a total of 458 cases,accounting for
37.60%.The incidence rate in the age group was 100.62 per 100,000.A total of 936 cases were children in kindergartens and nurseries, students,and scattered children,accounting for 81.04%.The main clinical symptoms were parotid gland enlargement (98.36%)and pain (79.47%),followed by fever(29.31%)and headache(10.10%).Among the cases,933 cases(76.60%)had a vaccination history.The greater the number of vaccination doses,thefewer the sites of parotid gland enlargement,and the lower the probability of fever and headache. CONCLUSION The incidence of mumps in Changping District of Beijing is relatively low.The reporting time presents a bidirectional distribution.Schools,kindergartens,and towns and sub-districts with a concentrated floating population remain the key areas for mumps prevention and control.Vaccination against mumps can reduce the likelihood of parotid gland swelling,fever,and headache.
keywords: Keywords: mumps seasonality vaccination
文章编号：3202410013 中图分类号：R512.1 文献标志码：
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