本文已被：浏览 6792次 下载 0次
中文摘要: 摘 要：目的：分析2020—2024年青海省西宁市城北区手足口病的流行特征，以探讨其流行规律，为制定科学有效的 防控策略提供依据。方法：利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统，收集2020—2024年城北区报告的手足口病病例数据，采用描 述性流行病学方法进行分析，率的比较采用 x² 检验。结果：2020 — 2024年，城北区累计报告手足口病病例1060例，无 重症及死亡病例。报告发病率整体呈上升趋势，年均发病率为50.75/10万，并于2024年达到高峰(104.41/10万)。疫情呈 现明显季节性，主要高峰在5 — 7月。病例性别比为1.08:1,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05) 。 发病主体为≤5岁儿童(占 73.21%),职业以托幼机构儿童(占73.87%)和低学龄儿童为主。病原学检测显示，非肠道病毒71型( EV71) 、 非柯萨奇病 毒 A16 型 ( CoxA16) 的其他肠道病毒为优势病原(占71.7%),而EV71 ( 占 1 . 3 % ) 和CoxA16 ( 占1 .9%)占比较低，且病原 构成呈动态变化。结论：2020—2024年西宁市城北区手足口病发病呈上升趋势，具有明显的季节性和特定的年龄人群分布。 应继续加强对≤5岁散居儿童及托幼机构儿童的监测与防控，并关注病原谱变化，以制定更具针对性的防控措施。
Abstract:Abstract :OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Chengbei District of Xining of Qinghai Province from 2020 to 2024,explore its epidemic patterns,and provide a basis for formulating scientific and effective prevention and control strategies.METHODS Data on HFMD cases reported in Chengbei District from 2020 to 2024 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analysis,and the x²test was applied for rate comparison.RESULTS From 2020 to 2024,a total of 1,060 HFMD cases were reported in Chengbei District,with no severe or fatal cases.The reported incidence showed an overall upward trend,with an average annual incidence of 50.75/100,000,peaking in 2024(104.41/100,000).The epidemic exhibited distinct seasonality,with the main peak occurring from May to July.The male-to-female ratio was 1.08:1,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The majority of cases(73.21%)were children aged≤5 years,predominantly childcare attendees(73.87%)and lower-grade schoolchildren. Etiological testing revealed that other enteroviruses(non-EV71 and non-CoxA16)were the dominant pathogens(71.7%),while EV71(1.3%)and CoxA16(1.9%)accounted for lower proportions,and the pathogen composition showed dynamic changes over time. CONCLUSION The incidence of HFMD in Chengbei District of Xining showed an increasing trend from 2020 to 2024,with clear seasonality and a specific age-group distribution.Surveillance and prevention efforts should continue to be strengthened for children aged ≤5 years,especially those in home care and childcare settings.Close attention should also be paid to changes in the pathogen spectrum to develop more targeted control measures.
文章编号：3202410017 中图分类号：R512.5 文献标志码：
基金项目:
| Author Name | Affiliation |
引用文本：