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中文摘要: 摘 要:目的:全面了解潍坊市中小学教学与生活环境卫生状况,分析存在的问题并为相关部门采取有效措施提供科学
依据。方法:2022年以潍坊市中小学校作为监测对象,对学校教室进行教学环境监测,并对学校生活环境进行调查,依据国
家相关标准对监测结果进行评价。结果:共监测学校76所,其中小学23所(30.30%)、中学53所(69.70%);共监测教室
444间,其中小学138间(31.10%)、中学306间(68.90%)。多数指标合格率较高,教室人均面积、黑板面宽度、黑板面高
度、黑板平均照度、黑板面均匀度、桌面均匀度、噪声、厕所蹲位、粪便暴露情况、学生宿舍地下室、学生宿舍人均面积、 学生宿舍卫生管理制度、食堂食品经营许可证、食堂健康合格证合格率分别为 75.45%、81.98%、99.77%、80.63%、 85.81%、75.90%、92.12%、92.11%、96.05%、97.44%、84.62%、97.44%、100.00%、100.00%;课桌椅分配符合率
(50.68%)和课桌面平均照度的合格率(68.69%)偏低。χ2
检验结果显示,小学黑板面宽度、黑板平均照度、桌面平均照度
合格率均高于中学,差异有统计学意义(χ2
值分别为44.008、12.835、6.359,P<0.05)。结论:潍坊市中小学需重点改善课
桌椅适配性与课桌面照明条件,并加强小学厕所基础设施建设。
Abstract:Abstract: OBJECTIVE Tocomprehensivelyunderstandthesanitationconditionsofteachingandlivingenvironmentsin
primaryandsecondaryschoolsinWeifang, analyzeexistingissues, andprovideabasisforrelevantauthoritiestoimplement
effectivemeasures.METHODSSchoolsinWeifangwereselectedasmonitoringtargets.Classroom teachingenvironmentswere
monitored,andschoollivingenvironmentswereinvestigated.Resultswereevaluatedaccordingtonationalstandards.RESULTSA
totalof76schools(23primaryschools, 30.30%; 53middleschools, 69.70%) and444classrooms(138primaryschool
classrooms,31.10%;306middleschoolclassrooms,68.90%) weremonitored.Thequalifiedratesforclassroompercapitaarea, blackboardwidth,blackboardheight,blackboardaverageilluminance,blackboardilluminanceuniformity,desktopilluminance
uniformity,noise,toiletsquattingpositions,fecalexposurestatus,basementusageinstudentdormitories,dormitorypercapita
area,dormitoryhygienemanagementregulations,canteenfoodlicenses,andcanteenhealthcertificateswere75.45%,81.98%, 99.77%, 80.63%, 85.81%, 75.90%, 92.12%, 92.11%, 96.05%, 97.44%, 84.62%, 97.44%, 100.00%, 100.00%, respectively.Theconformityrateofdeskandchairallocation(50.68%) andthequalifiedrateofdesktopaverageilluminance
(68.69%) weresignificantlylower.Theχ2 testresultsshowedthatthequalifiedratesofblackboardwidth,averageilluminanceof
blackboardandaverageilluminanceofdeskinprimaryschoolswereallhigherthanthoseinmiddleschools,andthedifferences
werestatisticallysignificant(χ2
=44.008, 12.835, 6.359, P<0.05).CONCLUSION Weifangshouldprioritizeimprovingthe
adaptabilityofdesksandchairs,enhancingclassroomdesktoplightingconditions,andstrengtheningtoiletinfrastructureinprimary
schools.
keywords: Keywords:primaryandsecondaryschools teachingandlivingenvironment sanitarymonitoring compliancerate
文章编号:3202410020 中图分类号:R179 文献标志码:
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