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中文摘要: 摘 要：目的：了解烟台市老年人健康素养状况，探讨城乡老年人健康素养的影响因素，为提高老年人健康素养水平， 实现全民健康素养提升提供思路。方法：2024年6—12月，采用随机抽样法，抽取烟台市2个区和2个县级市作为样本区， 选取≥60岁的305位老年人进行面对面调查。结果：烟台市老年人健康素养总得分为（44.36?6.02）分，6个维度得分从高到
低依次为健康信息素养[（16.84?2.51）分]、科学素养观[（14.30?2.96）分]、慢性病防治素养[（4.28?1.38）分]、基本医疗素
养[（3.44?1.21）分]、传染病防治素养[（2.78?0.99）分]、安全与急救素养[（2.72?0.55）分]。其中，农村老年人健康素养低
于城市老年人健康素养，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。logistic回归分析结果显示，健康认知水平为农村老年人健康素养合
格程度的影响因素（P＜0.05），文化程度、子女数量、医疗费用承担方式和健康认知水平为城市老年人健康素养合格程度的
影响因素（P＜0.05）。结论：烟台市农村老年人健康素养低于城市老年人健康素养，健康认知水平是烟台市农村老年人健康
素养的影响因素，文化程度、子女数量、医疗费用承担方式和健康认知水平是烟台市城市老年人健康素养的影响因素。因
此，促进烟台市城乡老年人健康素养的提高和均等化需要进一步落实国家卫生健康惠民政策，加强区域化健康教育的针对性
和有效性。
Abstract:Abstract:OBJECTIVE TounderstandthehealthliteracyofelderlypeopleinYantai,exploretheinfluencingfactorsof
differencesinhealthliteracybetweenurbanandruralelderlypeople,andprovideideasforimprovingthelevelofhealthliteracy
amongtheelderlyandachievingthepromotionofhealthliteracyforthewholepopulation.METHODSUsingrandomsampling,two
districtsandtwocounty-levelcitiesinYantaiwereselectedassampleareas.Atotalof305elderlypeopleaged60andabovewere
surveyedface-to-facefromJunetoDecember2024.RESULTSThetotalscoreofhealthliteracyamongelderlypeopleinYantaiwas
(44.36?6.02).Thescoresofthe6dimensionsfrom hightolowwerehealthinformationliteracy(16.84?2.51),scientificliteracy
(14.30?2.96),chronicdiseasepreventionliteracy(4.28?1.38),basicmedicalliteracy(3.44?1.21),infectiousdiseaseprevention
literacy(2.78?0.99),andsafetyandfirstaidliteracy(2.72?0.55).Thehealthliteracyofruralelderlypeoplewaslowerthanthatof
urbanelderlypeople,withasignificantdifferenceinstatisticalanalysis(P＜0.05).Theresultsofmultiplefactorunconditional
logisticregressionanalysisshowedthataveragemonthlyfamilyincomeandhealthcognitivelevelsignificantlyinfluencedthehealth
literacyqualificationofruralelderlypeople(P＜0.05),whilethemethodofmedicalexpensecoveragesignificantlyinfluencedthe
healthliteracyqualificationofurbanelderlypeople(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONThehealthliteracyofruralelderlypeopleinYantaiis
lowerthanthatofurbanelderlypeople.Averagemonthlyfamilyincomeandhealthcognitivelevelareinfluencingfactorsforthe
healthliteracyofruralelderlypeopleinYantai,whilethemethodofmedicalexpensecoverageisaninfluencingfactorforthehealth
literacyofurbanelderlypeopleinYantai.Therefore,promotingtheimprovementandequalizationofhealthliteracyamongurbanand
ruralelderlypeopleinYantairequiresfurtherimplementationofnationalhealthpoliciesandstrengtheningthetargetedandeffective
regionalhealtheducation.
文章编号：3202410021 中图分类号：R193 文献标志码：
基金项目:
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 张月茹，王雪，张莉，曹高芳 |
| Author Name | Affiliation |
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