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中文摘要: 摘 要：目的：分析2005—2024年北京市昌平区麻疹病例流行病学特征及发病趋势，为麻疹疾病防控工作和精准施策 提供参考。方法：选取2005—2024年在中国疾病预防控制信息系统上的北京市昌平区麻疹病例数据信息。采用描述性流行 病学方法分析麻疹病例三间分布特征，采用SPSS 23.0软件进行统计分析，采用Graphpad Prism 10.4.2软件对疾病分布进行可 视化呈现。采用Joinpoint 5.0.2软件分析发病率时间变化趋势。结果：2005—2024年北京市昌平区共报告麻疹病例1724例， 无死亡病例，年均发病率为9.58/10万，整体呈下降趋势(AAPC=-15.74%,P<0.05) 。 各月均有报告病例，病例主要集中 在3—5月，累计报告病例1125例，占比65.26%。东小口镇年均发病率最高，为13.69/10万。病例主要集中在<8月龄、 ≥15岁两个年龄段，占发病总数的77.20%(1331/1724)。结论：2005—2024年北京市昌平区麻疹发病率总体呈现下降趋势， 以非免疫覆盖人群(<8月龄、≥15岁)为主，存在明显地区差异。建议加强麻疹监测，维持高水平适龄儿童接种率，同 时重点关注既往非免疫覆盖人群的免疫屏障建设。
中文关键词: 关键词：麻疹 流行病学 Joinpoint回归模型 发病趋势
Abstract:Abstract: OBJECTIVE To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and incidence trends of measles cases in Changping District of Beijing from 2005 to 2024,providing reference for measles prevention and control efforts and targeted interventions.METHODS Measles case data from Changping District of Beijing,recorded in the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System between 2005 and 2024 were selected.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal,spatial,and case distribution characteristics of measles cases.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 software,and disease distribution was visualized using GraphPad Prism 10.4.2 software.Joinpoint 5.0.2 software analyzed temporal trends in incidence rates.RESULTS From 2005 to 2024,Changping District reported 1,724 measles cases with nofatalities.The annual incidence rate averaged 9.58/100,000,showing an overall downward trend(AAPC=-15.74%,P<0.05).Cases were reported in every month,with the highest concentration occurring between March and May,accounting for 1,125 cases(65.26%).Dongxiaokou Town had the highest annual incidence rate at 13.69/100,000.Cases predominantly occurred in two age groups:<8months and≥15 years,which together accounted for 77.20%
(1,331/1,724)ofall cases.CONCLUSION From 2005 to 2024,the measles incidence rate in Changping District of Beijing showed an overall downward trend,predominantly affecting non-immunized populations(<8months,≥15 years),with significant regional disparities.It is recommended to strengthen measles surveillance,maintain high vaccination coverage among eligible children,and prioritize building immune barriers among previously non-immunized populations.
文章编号：3202410021 中图分类号：R511.1 文献标志码：
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