Abstract:Abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the status quo of adult smoking in Nanzheng District of Hanzhong and thereby provide scientific evidence for tobacco control and chronic disease prevention. METHODS In 2023, 3 296 permanent residents aged 18 and above in the Nanzheng District were selected via multistage stratified cluster sampling to complete a personal questionnaire from the 2018 China Adult Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance standardized by The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and receive face-to-face interviews for gathering information on“smoking status”.On the basis, statistical analysis was performed based on age and gender. RESULTS The current smoking rate among adults in Nanzheng District of Hanzhong in 2023 was 25.1%, with a daily smoking rate of 22.1% . The average daily consumption was 14.6 cigarettes, and the average age of uptake of daily smoking was 22.1 yearsdd. The exposure rate to secondhand smoke was 34% , and the quit rate was 16.2% . Compared to the smoking rates, daily smoking rates, and secondhand smoke exposure rates among residents aged 18 and above in Shaanxi in 2018, there were decreases in Nanzheng District, with an increase in the quit rate, indicating effective tobacco control during these years. CONCLUSION The current smoking rate among adults in Nanzheng District remains high. Middle-aged and elderly males in rural areas are still the key target population for tobacco control. Continuous efforts are needed to strengthen smoking cessation intervention by medical professionals during hospital visits, chronic disease follow-ups, and annual health check-ups for the elderly under public health service programs.